临床检验过程的质量控制分析(1)(2)

目 录

摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………….………....3 引言 ……………………………………………………………………………………..….....…..…....3

一、分析前的质量控制…………………………………………………………….................3

（一）医生申请 ……………………………………………..................……………….....................3

1.针对性................................................................................................................……………….......3

2.敏感性和特异性...............................................................................................................................4

3.报告时间...........................................................................................................................................4

4.经济负担...........................................................................................................................................4

（二）患者准备 …………………………………………………………………………..………….4

1避免剧烈运动..................................................................................................…………….............4

2..采血部位............................................................................................................…………………..4

3.采集时间..........................................................................................................……………….........4

4.饮食和嗜好.....................................................................................……………..............................4

（三）标本采集注意事项 ………………………………………………………...........................4

二、分析中的质量控制 ………………………………………………………………...............4

（一）环境管理………………………………………………………………………....……............4

（二）检验流程管理………………………………………………………………………........…....5

1.标本收检 ...................................................................................……………..................................5

2.标本检测...................................................................................……………....................................5

3.检测数据确认 ...................................................................................……………..........................5

4.检测数据审核.............................................................................……………..................................5

（三）检测系统管理 ……………………………………………………...........…...........................5

1.仪器的安装、签收与校准 ……………………………………………...........…............................6

2.外部供应品 ............................................................................…………….....................................6

（1）试剂............................................................................…………….............................................6

（2）标准物质 .................................................................……………...............................................6

（3）检测系统 ...........................................................…………….....................................................7

（四）室内比对和室间比对 ..................................……………......................................................7

1.室内比对..........................................................................…………….............................................7