新编高校英语专业四级考试(TEM4)
考试指南及模拟试题
第一章 听写专题
一、测试要求及题型
1. 测试要求:
2004年最新《高等院校英语专业基础阶段英语考试大纲》对基础阶段听写的要求是:在全面理解所听内容的基础上准确无误地逐字逐句写出全文。要求拼法和标点符号正确无误,错误率不超8%。考试时间15分钟。比重占总分的15%。
2. 测试形式:
本部分为主观题。所听材料共念四遍。第一遍用正常速度朗读,录音语速为每分钟 120个单词,让考生听懂材料大意。第二、三遍朗读时意群、分句和句子之间留出约15秒的空隙,让考生书写。第四遍再用正常速度朗读,让考生检查。听写当中一般不念逗号、句号,因此在听写时就要求学生自己会判断出每一次的停顿是在句末还是在句中。全文听完后,考生有两分钟的检查时间。
二、应试技巧
听写部分要求考生把听到的内容准确无误地以书写的形式表达出来。考生在听写时,应注意以下几点:
1. 每句话开头的第一个字母要大写,一句话中含有引用的句子时,被引用的句子开头也要大写。 例如: Shakespeare observed: “To be or not to be, that’s a question.”
2. 书报、文章标题除冠词、连词和五个字母以下的介词外,其余单词首字母均需大写。
例如:Pride and Prejudice Gone with the Wind Shakespeare Without Tears
3. 逗号或冒号后句子首字母仍用小写。例如:It is dark outside, and I am alone at home.
4. 在做听写题的时候,要注意由于读音相近或相同而造成的听力上的错觉。例如:His和 He’s ; break和 brake; right 和write等等;还有可能由于朗读时的省音、吞音而造成了听力上的误解从而导致听写错误,比如将句子I’ve found a job. 写成了I found a job. 避免这种错误的方法是从语法和上下文的意思来判断单词或句子是否写对了。
5. 为了节省时间,考生记录时应充分利用缩写。因此,考生最好尽量熟练掌握日常通用缩写。例如:联合国—UN, 联合国教科文组织—UNESCO,欧洲共同体—EC。另外考生也可以创造一些常见词的缩写,如“四个现代化”
一词,用“4M”即可。但缩写时需非常慎重,如果缩写得太简单或含糊不清,反而会给听写造成困难。例如:记录时只简单记“pro”这一词头,很可能等到再回忆这一个单词时,一时搞不清“pro”是“progress”还是“professional”。
6. 在听写时也可以利用一些简单的符号作为辅助。在这一方面没有统一的规定,我们可以用简单明了的符号表达某一个词,甚至一个意群。例如: ×和≠:表示否定的意思,不是、不等于、不同意等
↗:表示上升、增长、发展
↘:表示下降、削减、情况变坏
→:表示方向、目的
?:表示疑问,问题
>:表示逐步减少、缩小
<:表示逐步扩大、增多。
但是考生要切记符号不要创造得太多、太滥,不要花样翻新。否则在听写时,连自己都不认识,记不起它们代表什么意思,反而会导致听写失败。
7. 在听写中,要求尽快把句子的关键信息记下来。所谓句子的关键信息就是指句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补。为了节省时间,考生可以在听的时候用简写,甚至用汉语也可以,只要自己最后能根据所记录的内容填写出句子就可以。
8. 最后,考生要对所听写的内容进行检查。主要是检查字母大小写,名词单复数,动词时态和冠词的使用等,每个人还可以根据自己的情况另外确定一些需要检查的方面。
三、 1992~2004年听写真题
1992 Dictation transcript
Can you imagine how difficult life would become if all supplies of paper suddenly disappeared? Banks and post offices, schools and colleges would be forced to close. Food manufacturers would be unable to pack or label their products. There would be no magazines, newspapers or books. And we would no longer be able to write to our friends and relatives.
Those would be only a few of the troubles of a paperless world. Everywhere we turn, we find paper. Without it, our modern world would come to a standstill. Paper is the life blood of industry, the carrier of news and the distributor of knowledge. It wouldn't be much fun writing up schoolwork on a flat sheet of stone.
1993 Dictation transcript
Package holidays, covering a two-week’s stay in an attractive place, are increasingly popular. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination. Everything is laid on for you. There is, in fact, no reason for you to bother to arrange anything yourselves. You make friends and have a good time. But there’s very little chance that you will get to know the local people. This is even less likely on a coach tour when you spend almost your entire time traveling. Of course there are carefully scheduled stops for you to visit historic buildings and monuments. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient. But time is always short. There is also the added disadvantage of having to spend your holiday with a group of people you have never met before.
1994 Dictation transcript
The American family unit is changing. There used to be mainly two types of families: the extended and the nuclear. The former included mother, father, children and some other relatives, such as grand parents living in the same house or nearby. Then as the …… 此处隐藏:20350字,全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……