自考英语词汇学笔记整理(13)

Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements. In modern times, this is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.

创造是指形成新词的使用现有的材料，即根，词缀和其它要素。在现代社会，这是最重要的方式扩大词汇量。

Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need. This does not increase the number of word forms but create many more new usages of the words, thus enriching the vocabulary.

语义变化意味着旧的形式，考虑一个新的意义，以满足新的需要。这并不增加词形式，但是创造更多的新用法的词语，从而丰富的词汇。

Borrowing has played a vital role in the development of vocabulary, particularly in earlier times. Borrowed words constitute merely six to seven percent of all new worlds. In earlier stages of English, French, Greek and Scandinavian were the major contributors.

借款发挥了至关重要的作用，发展的词汇，尤其是在早期。借词构成仅仅6至百分之七的所有新的世界。在较早阶段的英语，法语 ，希腊和斯堪的纳维亚的主要贡献者。

Reviving archaic or obsolete words(复活古词和废弃词) also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary though quite insignificant.

恢复过时或陈旧的话（复活古词和废弃词） ，也有助于增长的英语词汇虽然很微不足道。

Chapter 3

1 - These different forms occur owing to different sound environment. These minimal meaningful units are known as morphemes.

In other words, the morpheme is "the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words"