高中英语语法专题复习_省略句

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定义在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分， 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分， 这种现象叫省略 省略。 这种现象叫省略。如： Beg you pardon. Sounds like a good idea. ( I )Beg you pardon.

( It ) Sounds like a good idea..

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一 简单句中的省略1、 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略

Doesn’t matter. ( It ) doesn’t matter. ( It ) Sounds like a good idea.

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2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如： 省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。(省略主语和谓语) 省略主语和谓语)

What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? Why (do you) not say hello to him ?

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3、省略表语。 省略表语。–Are you thirsty? – Yes, I am .(thirsty). His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister .(lazy).

4、同时省略几个成分Let’ Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. 同时省略主、 同时省略主、谓语

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–Have you finished your work ? –Not yet. I have not finished my homework yet. yet.

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二 并列句中的省略1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与 两个并列句中， 前一分句中相同的部分。 前一分句中相同的部分。My brother is a doctor and my sister-in-law sister-in省略相同的谓语动词) (is) a lawyer. (省略相同的谓语动词) When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter. 省略相同的谓语动词

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三 复合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如： 主句中有一些成分被省略， ( I’m ) Sorry to hear you are ill. I’ ( It’s a ) Pity that he missed such a good It’ chance.

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主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替 so或 主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so not来代替-Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday? so -I think so. I’m leaving for Beijing this Sunday. -Tom must be free today. so -If so, he can help us. he is free.

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-It is going to rain, isn’t it? isn’ not -I hope not. it is not going to rain.

这种用法常见的有： 这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so. 及I suppose /believe /hope not. Why not?等等。 not?等等 等等。

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2.宾语从句中的省略 2.宾语从句中的省略 宾语从句中常省略连词that 宾语从句中常省略连词that,但当有两个并 that, 列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。 that则不能省略 列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。We all know (that) the earth runs around the sun. Mary said (that) she is from American and that she is 16 years old.

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3.定语从句中的省略 3.定语从句中的省略 在定语从句中， who在从句中 在定语从句中，that, which, who在从句中 作宾语时可省略。 作宾语时可省略。I haven’t read the book (that/ which) you’re haven’ you’ reading. The man (that/ who) your father just talked to is our English teache

r, Mr. Smith.

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4.状语从句中的省略 4.状语从句中的省略 在以when, once引导的时间状语 在以when, while, once引导的时间状语 从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句 从句及以if, unless引导的条件状语从句 中和though, although引导的让步状语从 中和though, although引导的让步状语从 句中， 句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语 指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时， be动词时 指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从 句中可省去“主语+be 部分。 +be” 句中可省去“主语+be”部分。

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When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent. When he was asked what he had done, John just kept silent. If he is free, Jack will go with us. If he is free, Jack will go with us.

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Unless he is invited, he won’t come. won’

Unless he is invited, he won’t come. won’ While he is doing house work, my he father often listens to music. While he is doing house work, my father often listens to music.

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四 不定式中的省略动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同 动词不定式中为了避免重复， 部分，只保留to, 部分，只保留to,但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有 be,have, have been时，要保留这些词。 be, been时 要保留这些词。 –Are you going there? – Yes, I’d like to (go there). I’ . He didn’t give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). . –Are you an engineer? – No, but I want to be . –He hasn’t finished the task yet. hasn’ . –Well, he ought to have