语言学试题与答案(10)

胡壮麟

need repairing. If Y is false, no truth value can be said about X, e.g. if John does not have a bike, nothing can be said about whether his bike needs repairing or not.

Therefore, X presupposes Y, or Y is a presupposition of X.

51. How do you account for such sense relations between sentences as synonymous

relation, inconsistent relation in terms of truth values?

In terms of truth condition, of the two sentences X and Y, if X is true, Y is true; if X is false, Y is false, therefore X is synonymous with Y.

e.g. X: He was a bachelor all his life.

Y: He never married all his life.

Of the two sentences X and Y, if X is true, Y is false; if X is false, Y is true, then we can say A is inconsistent with Y.

e.g. X: John is married.

Y: John is a bachelor.

52. According to the ways synonyms differ, how many groups can we classify

synonyms into? Illustrate them with examples.

According to the ways synonyms differ, synonyms can be divided into the following groups.

i. Dialectal synonyms

They are synonyms which are used in different regional dialects. British English and American English are the two major geographical varieties of the English

language. For examples:

British English American English